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The current breeding policy recommended by the National Commission on Agriculture (NCA) and adopted by the Central and State Governments was based on the important considerations which were similar to those of the Scientific panel on Animal husbandry.
Two Breed Crossing can be achieved through back crossing or Inter-se mating. In back crossing , the cross of Bos taurus and Bos indicus produces F1 with 50 per cent exotic inheritance. On backcrossing of F1 population to the exotic breed, the exotic level was increased to 75 per cent in the next generation. i.e, in F2. To bring it to 5/8 (62.5%) level, the F2 population was again planned to cross with F1 having exotic inheritance of 50 per cent. The animals were then improved by mass selection. In India, the backcrossing was followed extensively by Kerala Livestock Development Board, Kerala. In inter-se mating, the Bos taurus and Bos indicus produces F1 population with 50% exotic level and subsequently the selective mating among F1 population continue to maintain the exotic level of about 50 to 62.5 per cent This was followed in most of the crossbreeding projects of the country.
For three breed crossing, the level of 50 % from one exotic breed, 25% exotic level from another breed and 25% local or indigenous breed has been advised in some regions.
The current breeding policy recommended by the National Commission on Agriculture (NCA) and adopted by the Central and State Governments was based on the important considerations which were similar to those of the Scientific panel on Animal husbandry. The major features of present buffalo breeding policy in organized and rural herds are to improve the buffaloes by selective breeding in organized herds or in breeding tracts and grading up with recognized breeds in other areas.
The Govt. of India , in 2000, initiated the above project with the objectives of delivering improved artificial insemination service at the doorstep of farmers , bring all breedable cattle and buffaloes under organized breeding through artificial insemination or natural service by using high quality bulls within a period of ten years and undertake breed improvement programme for indigenous cattle and buffaloes so as to improve the genetic makeup as well as their availability in the country. The Project is implemented by State Implementing Agencies (SIA) constituted by the states for implementation of the project with the target of cattle and buffalo breeders of the country and up-gradation of state infrastructure for cattle and buffalo breeding.
